01 / SCOPE
What this page records
Image 01: Late Naqada II spiral jar, SpeakingArch, CC BY-SA 4.0. Image 02: Djoser pyramid at Saqqara, Vyacheslav Argenberg, CC BY 4.0. Image 03: Amarna carved relief, Gary Todd, CC0. Image 04: Kom el-Dikka, Roland Unger, CC BY-SA 3.0. Image 05: Bab al-Nasr, Md iet, CC BY-SA 3.0. Image 06: dismantling statues at Abu Simbel, UNESCO, CC BY-SA 3.0 IGO. Files obtained through Wikimedia Commons.
02 / STANDARD
No invisible certainty
No invented visit, interview, excavation role or institutional relationship is presented. When a chronology is approximate, the date carries “c.” or a range. When scholars disagree, the disagreement belongs in the record.
03 / REVIEW
17 July 2026
Practical and editorial details should be checked again when the relevant evidence or institution changes.